The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England. It takes its name form the Tudor dynasty. Henry Tudor brought about the end to The Wars of the Roses between The House of Lancaster (red rose) and The House of York (white rose). He married Elizabeth of York thus uniting the two families and adopted the red and white rose as the heraldic emblem of the new dynasty.
The text around the design is from the monologue of John of Gaunt in William Shakespeare's play Richard II.